If you are referring to the religious hierarchy, it is this (not in order of power...Zeus and Hera were the parents of the others):
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There were twelve Olympians, although you may run across fourteen different names. Hestia, Demeter, Dionysus, and Hades are variable. The remaining ten are: Apollo, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Poseidon, and Zeus, among the gods; Aphrodite, Athena, Artemis, and Hera, among the goddesses.
The Roman versions of the Greek names are: Apollo, Mars, Mercury, Vulcan, Neptune, and Jupiter, among the canonical males; Venus, Minerva, Diana, and Juno, among the canonical females.
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Now, if you meant the secular hierarchy of the tribes, then:
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Most family heads In Ancient Greece were subsistence landowners. The property was held by and transmitted through the oikos which consisted of a family plus, among the powerful, free and slave dependents. A group of ancient Greek families claiming descent from a common ancestor was known as the
Widening
Social Units
• Oikos
• Genos
• Phratry
• Tribe
genos or clan. The families of the genos shared religious cults. Shared religion proved to be a strong bond. It was the heads of the gene (plural of genos) who arranged marriages.
Thirty gene formed a phratry, which Michael Grant says was probably the equivalent of a village or city-ward. Each phratry held an annual religious festival in which it enrolled new members.
Three phratries formed a tribe or phylai headed by a tribe king. The earliest known function of the tribes was military. They were corporate bodies with their own priests and officials as well as being military and administrative units. The original four phylai in Athens were the
Geleontes
Hopletes
Argadeis
Aegicoreis
According to tradition the tribes of Attica were originally united under a single king (of the Medontid line) whose job was to hold together the four tribes.
But Chester Starr says the tribal kings of Attica lacked the power to unite factions that medieval monarchs had. The ancient tribal kings were too weak financially and the uniform material simplicity of life enforced the idea that all tribesmen had rights. Society was divided into two social classes, the upper of which sat with the king in council for major problems. The upper class also provided war leaders, thereby lessening the need for a kingly military leader.
Progression of Types of Rulers in Athens
King
Polemarch and King
Polemarch, King, and Civil affairs archon
Polemarch (military), First Archon (civil), and King-archon (religion)
Thesmothetai ( 3 other archons)
It is thought that at an early date a war leader (polemarch) was appointed to share power. Soon the king found himself subordinated to a second new archon in civil affairs. A king named Acastus is thought to have surrendered his position as king in favor of a lifetime appointment as archon (later, first archon). They kept a king-archon for religious matters. In the mid-eighth century the lifetime archon appointment was replaced with a ten-year term. From the 680's the appointment was made every year. Somewhat later, six more archons were added, the Thesmothetai , "layers down of law," so there were nine annually elected officials.
Answered By: robocop48 - 10/18/2006 |