For general information, see the American Pediatric Surgical Association --
http://www.eapsa.org/ Salary will depend on your experience and where you live, but between $200,000 to $500,000 per year.
When not in surgery, a surgeon will make rounds to check on patients, consult with patients/parents before operations, study, serve on committees, teach students, train staff, evaluate new tools, return calls from referring physicians, and fill out paperwork.
The APS Association's guide to becoming a pediatric surgeon is at
http://www.eapsa.org/parents/index.cfm "Pediatric surgeons must have graduated from an accredited medical school and must have completed five years of graduate surgical education in an accredited general surgery residency program. ... "
In high school: Take science, math and communication (English, & speech classes.) Volunteer at the local hospital or a medical office or a even a veterinarian's for 4 hours a week for at least one year.
In college: It depends. If you want to attend your state medical school - which is considerably more affordable than an out-of-state or private medical school -- then read that school's admisssion policies. Do they want well-rounded scholars? People with a passion for community? Scientifically inclinded persons? A background in the humanities? Tailor your course work to their policies.
However, getting into a surgery residency can be difficult. It helps if you go to a medical school with a good record for surgery. Talk to your college pre-med counsellor if your state school is focused on other topics.
In medical school: Most programs will have a core curriculum -- 2 years during which all the students take the same courses, plus some electives, and 2 years of clinic. You would want to take the offered electives and clinics in pediatrics, some obstetrics, and surgery. You will need truly outstanding grades in coursework, since surgery residencies are very competive. You will also want to volunteer in a neonatal or surgical field -- again, at least 4 hours per week for one year. Medical school student are called "medical undergraduates" -- residency is "medical graduate level"
In residency: see
http://www.ama-assn.org/vapp/freida/srch/ to search for for a list of residency programs. Pediatric surgery is a Fellowship level (Grad years 07/08) -- you will need to get a General Surgey Residency first -- this will be 5-7 years.
In Fellowship: Note that there is no neonatal surgery residency/fellowship -- it's either Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine or Pediatric Surgery, probably Pediatric Surgery. Take a look at Freida's Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Program/Pediatric Surgery for the salary and benefits. This is years 7-8 of post-medical school.
Post-fellowhip - experience and coursework in neonatal subspecialty - usually the rest of your life.
So the time line is:
4 years HS
4 years College
4 years Med School
5-7 years Surg Residency
2-3 years Ped surgery fellowship
May you have the very best of luck and joy in your future years.